Question

A form of this technique measures neutron absorbance with arrays of scintillators to determine the densities and fissile masses of layers of the test object. For 10 points each:
[10m] Name this class of imaging techniques used to study the internal structure of objects by “stacking” 2D transmission cross sections.
ANSWER: tomography (“tuh-MAH-grah-fee”) [accept any form of tomography, such as computed tomography scans, computed axial tomography scans, positron emission tomography, neutron tomography, X-ray tomography, or electron tomography; prompt on PET or CT or CAT scan by asking “what does that stand for?”; prompt on scans or scanning]
[10e] Tomographic reconstruction is an inverse problem that tries to find a 2D image given the results of performing this operation on the image many times. This operation maps an object to one less dimension, such as representing a 3D object on a flat surface.
ANSWER: projection [or projecting or other word forms of project]
[10h] This term is used for any image used to test tomographic reconstruction algorithms, such as the image of 10 overlayed ellipses introduced by Lawrence Shepp and Benjamin Logan.
ANSWER: phantom [accept Shepp–Logan phantom]

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Data

TeamOpponentPart 1Part 2Part 3Total
Brown AWUSTL A100010
Chicago AOhio State A0101020
Chicago BDuke A010010
Chicago CNorth Carolina A1010020
Claremont AIowa State A010010
Cornell AStanford A1010020
Cornell BToronto A1010020
Harvard AColumbia A010010
Illinois APenn A010010
Johns Hopkins AFlorida B010010
Maryland AGeorgia Tech A010010
Michigan AHouston A010010
Minnesota AMIT A010010
NYU AImperial A010010
Purdue AMinnesota B010010
Rutgers AWUSTL B0000
Rutgers BColumbia B010010
Texas AIndiana A1010020
UC Berkeley ANorthwestern A1010020
UC Berkeley BVanderbilt A010010
Virginia APenn State A010010
Yale AFlorida A1010020
Yale BGeorgia Tech B010010